224 Feet of Fencing

On a recent podcast this question was asked of me: What would I suggest to a would-be farmer as a first project? I replied that a good fence, specifically a perimeter fence, would be an ideal first step. Because in the building of a fence much is accomplished, learned, and discovered.

The replaced fence on the left. The sheep are still on the winter paddock.

While it may be somewhat unfashionable—in these days when global elites forswear borders, loyalties, and cultural identities, and even West Point decides that asking cadets to take an oath to duty, honor, and country is potentially divisive and downright antiquated—to discuss and celebrate boundaries, truly, good fencing does make for good neighbors.

One December day back in 1999 we set a corner post three feet in the ground adjacent to our barn. From that original post would evolve the fencing system that spans our entire acreage. That very first line stretched 224 feet westward toward the road, bisecting the upper portion of what would become our lower pastures. From that post and the resulting western terminal post, other lines emerged, merged, and enclosed the boundaries of our irregularly shaped farm. All of that initial fencing took a few years to complete, and factoring in improvements and repairs it is a task that has continued to occupy our attentions each year since.

On that first line we used Red Brand field fence, a thirty-two-inch-tall roll of galvanized wire held together by interwoven four-by-four squares, then topped it with three strands of barbed wire for good measure. While the height was less than adequate, the fence has, even while sagging in places with age, held to its original mission of keeping cattle and sheep in their intended pastures—though, it should be noted, on occasion an errant bull, ram, or even ewe has leapt over for love to showcase the limits on man’s will over nature. (As one farmer cleverly put it, “Where there’s a willy there’s a way.”)

That early fence held, more or less, until last Sunday. That’s when a large yearling ewe who in a bid for greener grass got her head stuck in a stretched-out square. Upon finding herself in such a predicament, she followed the instinct of every prey animal and panicked. Predators though we are, we followed suit. In the ensuing farce—as we hollered at each other, at the ewe, at the gods—we managed in spite of her antics and our collective panic to cut away some of the fencing and release her back into the flock. We closed the gap with stockman’s wire much like a fisherman mends nets. It was only then that we noticed the bottom of the fence. It had with the passing of the years become buried and rusted in the ground and was now broken beyond fixing by the ewe’s efforts to free herself. In other words, it was time to replace this oldest stretch of wire.

Forgive what may sound like an immodest boast, but after twenty-five years of near-constant work, our toolkit of basic competencies is more than adequate for many if not all challenges. Ripping out and replacing fence is old hat. Over the next couple of days, we both, together and individually, working in spare moments during our farm day, removed fence staples and clips and separated the old wire from the fence line. On Tuesday evening while Cindy prepared dinner, I pulled the last of the fence free from the ground.

The following day, a Wednesday, with the help of the Kid (the current one is home-schooled and has a flexible schedule), we rolled up the old wire, unfurled a thirty-nine-inch-tall field fence, stretched it tight with a ratcheted come-along, and attached it to the T-posts and wooden posts (including the two we set twenty-five years ago).

Total time from removal of the old wire and installation of the new wire to cleanup was only four or five hours. Working together gave us a chance to reflect on when we had put in the original fence and other stories centered around the many projects we have tackled. The manual competencies we have gained from working with our hands brings a satisfaction to our lives, a tangible “we did this.” When I get the questions from wannabe farmers, it is these moments I struggle to convey, because the answer is personal. It gets to the character of a man’s internal life and identity, and only that individual can look into himself and answer the question: will the prospect of sweat and physical work bring contentment, even joy, or will it be viewed as menial drudgery best “farmed” out to others?

For both Cindy and myself, it is in the moment of completion that we know ourselves; that we know what we can accomplish with hands to a task, that by embracing our limits and boundaries we are given a sense of who we are. That is the something, that is the everything. That is our analog to the message that place does not matter.

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Reading this week: I knocked out the first three of the Bernie Rhodenbarr mysteries (L. Block) in as many days. It has been close to thirty years since I read this series with some pleasure. The intervening years have done nothing to dim my appreciation. Think of a funny wisecracking version of Sam Spade, except as a Raffles-like burglar by night and rare book dealer by day, and you will get the flavor of Bernie. I’ve also started The Pursuit of Happiness, how classical writers on virtue inspired the lives of the founders and defined America (J. Rosen). I’m only two chapters in to the work but already am mentally placing this volume in my best-of-2024 list.

The Things We Do Before the Things We Do

Storm damage

It’s one of those metaphysical questions of the angels dancing on the head of a pin variety. Did my recent purchase of a deluxe 17 horsepower DK chipper in some way precipitate the arrival and resultant destruction a few weeks ago of three intense storms?

I ponder this useless intellectual speculation as I operate three chainsaws (but not at the same time) in conjunction with the above-referenced chipper. The question, like that of the sound of the tree falling in the forest, is just a way to amuse myself while tackling the vast amount of work I haven’t made time for amidst my other mountains of farm work still needing to be done. Its role in bringing on the storms aside, the chipper is useful in clearing the driveway of fallen limbs and reducing them to a hefty pile of woodchips. As for why I need three chainsaws? Only someone who has never used a chainsaw and is therefore unfamiliar with its temperamental ways would have to ask.

As I drive the pickup back up the gravel driveway after one of my several chipping, cutting, mulching, sweating excursions, I glance over to the front of the barn, where through the foot-high pigweed I spy an ancient manure spreader buried in the overgrowth. Someday, someday soon, I think.

I’ve been thinking this same thought for a few months now, that I’ll be needing the manure spreader when I do the annual barn cleaning. The plan is to hitch the piece of equipment to the big Kubota, employ the bucket on the smaller Kubota to clean out the barn and dump the manure and bedding into the spreader, and then use the larger tractor pulling the spreader to scatter the load across the fields as a fertilizer.

Straightforward in conception if not execution. When I pulled out the spreader from where it is kept parked in the sawmill yard, one of the two massive tires shredded into dry-rotted clumps of rubber. Considering that these were original tires on a piece of equipment as old as I am, well, let’s just say I’m not surprised. I backed the spreader under an overhang attached to the barn, got the jack, and removed the tire. A couple of weeks later and $450 poorer, we brought home a new tire on the old rim, which I then mounted onto the manure spreader … and left it right where it was and returned to tackling all those other things to do on the farm.

There it sat all summer until late July, when on one rare sunny afternoon sandwiched between endless days of gloom, wind, and rain, I backed the truck up to the spreader, hooked it up, and pulled it to the side of the barn to service. That is when I noticed the other tire was flat. Ten minutes later, with the air compressor (the one that needs a nut to hold the axle bolt in place—another item on the list of things I never seem to get around to repairing), I filled the tire … which just as quickly wheezed all the air out through the rotted inner tube around the valve stem.

I won’t burden you with all the details of the next stage, but suffice to say it took another two weeks to complete and involved the following:

  1. Getting on the schedule of the tire department at the farmers co-op, in the middle of one of the service’s chronic “we all quit” cycles, not once but twice.
  2. Having the tire rim returned because it was too rusted to support a tube.
  3. Sanding and scraping the rim back into shape so it would hold the tube without puncturing it.
  4. Searching for and ordering a new replacement tire, at a savings of $100 over the co-op’s price.
  5. Bringing the tire and the rim back to the co-op, and shelling out another $50 to have the tire mounted.
  6. Bringing the new tire and tube on the old rim back to the farm.
  7. Putting the tire back on the manure spreader.
  8. Moving the spreader to the front of the barn, ready for action.

Which is where it sits. Because last week we were blessed with a string of beautiful cool and dry days, so I took advantage and spent each day catching up on the mowing and weed-eating around the farm. Now, thanks to all of that work, I can see clearly the spreader and also my new, hefty pile of wood chips. But alas, it is now hay cutting season. Perhaps I’ll be cleaning the barn in October?

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Reading this week: On The Border With Crook (J. Bourke). The Seven Ranges: ground zero for the staging of America (W. Hoyt)

Working Sheep

There are a few advantages to worming sheep and then spraying them for parasites and flies, as we did this morning. Namely the three that sprang most readily to my mind as the permethrin and wormer sloshed about a little too freely on our arms and legs was this, that any personal tapeworm, lice, or horn fly issues that we may have been enduring had now been eliminated.

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Reading this weekend: Wolf of the Deep (S. Fox), a terrific read about the captain of the CSS Alabama.

On the Advent of Fall

a seasonal masterpiece by Cindy

Fall arrived, perfectly, with a cool front. This morning the predawn sky is a dark purple, star-bedazzled, upside-down wine glass rimmed with light. And the brisk morning air signals renewal after the last summer blast of heat earlier in the week. Sunrise is still a couple of hours away, but the farm is already stirring to life. Out in the coop, the cockerels are giving voice in creaky adolescent tones, like an inexpert boys’ choir, while the older rooster lazily offers up an occasional full-throated crow, just to show the boys how it is really done.

Not that the cockerels have much time left to practice the fine art of greeting the dawn. Another four weeks of fattening and they fall to my knife. This is one of those many small cycles of life lived out on a farm: birth to death to gumbo served on a Saturday night.

The ram lambs are growing well on the late season pasturage on the upper hill. Their days too are numbered. A date has been set for slaughter in January. Truly, they are ready to make the trip any day, but the bottleneck at the meat processor shows no sign of abating. One of their number did depart yesterday. It was slaughtered on the farm by a recent immigrant of Uzbekistan, accompanied by an English-fluent Ukranian who interpreted. He made short work of humanely dispatching the lamb; butchering to cleaning up, all took less than an hour.

The unannounced visit was a nice reset for our relationship with newly arrived immigrants. Earlier in the summer we had a lamb stolen by what we believe were gypsies, who claimed they had just arrived in this country the previous week. Another attempt was made a week later by a different family that we surmised was related to the first group. If you have never seen gypsies in action, they stage an impressive assault. Their operation was a master class in attempted thievery. Adults and children dispersed from the car like a disturbed hill of ants. They spread out in every direction of the farm, touching and fingering anything and everything in and out of sight, far too much for two people to keep track of. But we finally managed to get that last group herded back into their car, sending them on their way without a lamb or the live chickens the children kept trying to grab (although they did snag a few apples, quinces, and possibly fresh eggs). We do hate to mistrust — it is neither in our nature nor in our culture — but, fool me once….

In the new farrowing yard, our Red Wattle gilt is spending the week with a loaner Berkshire boar. All evidence suggests that yesterday their brief engagement was capped by consummation. If successful, in three months, three weeks, and three days a litter of piglets will be on the ground. Farrowing will be in late January, but with plenty of hay bedding and a heat lamp if needed, keeping the piglets warm should not be a problem. Having said that, I do recall a sow that gave birth during an ice storm a decade ago. We had to bring out a small generator to power heat lamps and keep the watering troughs ice-free. But all of the piglets survived. Pigs really are very hardy, and a 400-pound sow is amazingly able to warm 6-12 piglets without crushing any. Which is to say, if one dies after the first week, the fault can generally be laid squarely at your door.

As fall arrived yesterday with the chill of the passing cold front, the signals of this, the dying season, were also easily read in the turned back leaves of the tulip poplars that line one of our smaller sheep paddocks. Against that backdrop, I tilled six test strips, each measuring 4 x 200 feet, and sowed them with three combinations of purple top turnips and annual ryegrass. The turnips are intended as an early winter forage supplement for the pregnant ewes. The rye is to serve as a complement to the turnips in two of the strips and as a green manure to be cut down in the rye-only patch. All will be resown with clover in late winter.

Perhaps it is because I have grown accustomed to viewing life through the lens of a farmer, but each season really does have its own time and place. And even as things die, they are reborn, including hope.

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Reading this weekend: The Hour (B. DeVoto) and Emergent Agriculture (G. Kleppel)

Hire the Farm Kid

For many years and many times, both personally and professionally, I’ve given the offhand advice, “Hire the farm kid.” Sometimes it has been meant as a literal instruction, but at least as often it has been given as a more general recommendation to hire the person who has a history of family work. It could be the woman who as a child cleared tables, placed orders, and ran the register every evening and weekend at her family’s restaurant. Or the man who grew up cleaning boats at his father’s marina. The advice either way remains the same: Look for the person who learned a work ethic early and applied it often. The person who growing up wasn’t given the choice of whether to pull his or her weight is the one you want.

Incoming storm over the barn

Many have been the paid youth and volunteers to have worked on the farm. (Oh, Good Lord! springs most readily to mind.) The current Kid lives on a nearby farm and reports here every Saturday at 8:30 sharp. As part of our routine I always ask him how his week has been, how his morning has been. The latter is something that isn’t typically relevant except to the farm kid. On any given Saturday, this Kid has already been out weeding in the family garden, feeding the livestock, helping his older brother load a hog for market, all before showing up here to work some more.

Countless are the tasks that make it onto the average farm’s daily to-do list —a list, I should add, that isn’t constrained by hours in an eight-hour workday. Likewise, I ask as the Kid is leaving, what does he have on tap for the rest of the day? More often than not, his post-work chores includes mowing the yard, cleaning the barn stalls, inspecting his bee colonies….

The ethic of the farm-raised youth came to mind recently as I waited for the Kid to show up to work. Historically, you would have grown up in a farm community and most of your peers would have had a similar work background. But today, when kids are coddled at home well into and past adulthood, what is it like for our Kid to get on the school bus and find common ground? When his list of chores to complete morning and evening run up against the latest video game or Tik Tok distraction of his peers, what goes through his mind?

So, I asked him what his friends thought of his farm life. He had at first little to say (not unusual: we were in the midst of tearing out overgrown brambles from a fence line). But after lunch, as we cleaned and put away our tools, he replied by relating a story from when he was much younger than his current age of 15:

When I was 8 a neighbor offered my dad half shares on his square bales if we’d pick them up in the field and store them in his barn. I couldn’t pick them up [They can weigh 50-75 pounds], so I rolled them down the hill to my brothers. It took us all day. The neighbor had two sons who were 16 and 18, and they never came out of the house to help. He said he couldn’t ever get them to work. I thought that was odd. But I felt pretty good to be able to do something they couldn’t.

Clearly, there is a difference between “a farm kid” and “a kid raised on a farm.” And so, my readers, my advice remains the same, “Hire the farm kid.” And if you have the opportunity, raise a farm kid.

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Reading this weekend: The End of the World Is Just the Beginning, mapping the collapse of globalization (P. Zeihan)